基于地方产业需求的高职学生就业能力培养的研究

Abstract

高等职业教育是我国教育系统中以职业技能教育为主的教育体系，其人才培养目标是符合产业需求的高技能应用型人才。近年来，各地高职院校在“以就业为导向”的办学方针指导下，紧跟地方产业需求，服务企业岗位要求，深化人才培养模式改革，人才培养质量逐步提高，毕业生就业率持续上升。但随着改革的深入，高职教育的就业功能被过分强调，部分高校甚至将“以就业为导向”直接等同于“以就业率为导向”，一味强调学生专业技能和就业技巧培养，忽视了学生的综合素质和职业发展，高就业率背后的岗位适应能力不强，持续发展能力不足等低满意度问题逐渐显现，这不仅阻碍了学生的职业发展，也影响了地方产业的持续健康发展。 高职教育作为高等教育大众化进程中的主力军，其所培养的高技能应用型人才在优化社会人才结构、促进社会人才合理分布、缓解人才供求矛盾、推动地方经济产业发展等方面都具有重要的作用。因此，探索符合地方产业发展需求的人才培养模式，切实提高高职毕业生的综合就业竞争力具有重要的意义。 本文立足高职院校人才培养的传统模式，试图以地方产业需求为标杆，将高职毕业生的就业能力界定为涵盖专业基础能力、社会适应能力和专业发展能力三大方面十项能力。通过对高职毕业生就业能力现状与企业人才需求之间差异的比对分析，提出从改善高职教育发展的外部环境建设，提升高职教育发展的内容建设两个方面，充分调动各方积极性，构建政府、企业、高职院校及高职学生“四位一体”的就业能力培养新模式，使高职毕业生真正成为“进得来、留得下、用得好、能发展”的高素质应用型人才，充分满足地方企业用工需求，推动地方产业持续发展。

The higher vocational education, which is given priority to professional skill, is a large branch of the national education system. To raise applied talents with high skills that can meet industry needs is the educational aim. In recent years, many higher vocational colleges have laid out the educational guidelines of "employment oriented" to satisfy the requirements of the local industry and enterprises. Following the guidance, the education has deepened the mode reform of the personnel training to improve their teaching, while raising the employment rate of the graduates. However, with the development of the reform, to emphasis on the employment features of higher vocational education, some universities even have advocated following the employment rate oriented instead of adopting the employment oriented, which are totally different principals. In this case the education has laid great stress on developing the professional skills and the employment finesse of the students rather than their overall quality and occupation development. Now, the low satisfaction to the graduates which is hidden behind the high employment rate has emerged. Not only has this situation inhibited the career development of the students, also has affected the development of the local industry which should be developed continually and healthily. The higher vocational education is the main force in the process of the popularization of higher education. The high-skilled and applied talents who are educated have played the important roles in the most aspects of society, such as optimizing the talent structure, promoting the reasonable distribution of the social talents, relieving the contradictions of the talent supply and demanding and promoting the development of local industry. Therefore, it is very important to explore the mode of talent training in coherence with the needs of the local industry development and to enhance the competitiveness of the comprehensive employment of higher vocational graduates Based on the traditional pattern of talents training in higher vocational colleges, this paper attempts to gives a definition about the employment ability of higher vocational graduates which covers the basic professional ability, social adaptation ability and professional development ability of three aspects of ten to satisfy the requirements of the local industry. This paper analyzes the differences between the present situation of the higher vocational graduates’ employment ability and the demand of enterprise talent. And in this paper, I suppose that the colleges can arouse the enthusiasm of all parties through improving both the external environment construction and theinternal structure of the higher vocational education development and can build a new training mode of employment ability -----the "four one" which include government, enterprise, higher vocational colleges and higher vocational students. The aim is to make the higher vocational graduates to become the high-quality practical talents who can be "employing, staying down, working on and well developing". Then it can fully meet the demand of thelocal enterprise and promote the sustainable development of the local industry.

学位：公共管理硕士

院系专业：公共事务学院_公共管理硕士(MPA)

学号：13920111150452