RSS 1.0Chinese Christianity / 中国基督教
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The Chinese Christianity collection is a comprehensive free online collection of Chinese theology and on Christianity in China, including material in Chinese as well in other languages relating to Chinese theology and Christianity. The online collection is a joint initiative from Globethics, Geneva, and Kingdom Business College, Beijing, China. The collection includes:
-Academic and scientific literature, including commentaries, theses/dissertations, educational documents, curricula etc.
-Collections of sermons, prayers, liturgical and worship material
-Biblical collections (commentaries, theology, handbooks etc.)
-Material from partner institutions, seminaries, universities, publishers, and/or content providers in China, Hong Kong SAR, and the United States, such as the Institute of Sino-Christian Studies, the Hong Kong Baptist University, Yale Divinity School, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)
-Open access sources, harvested from Chinese open repositories
-Audio-visual materials including sermons, music, worship and Christian art, architecture, manuscripts etc.
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Die Zehn Gebote : ein chinesischer Katechismus des LebensDer Katechismus wird oft als Lehre von altmodischen Glaubenssätzen oder als autoritäre Liste dessen, was uns religiöse Führer zu glauben zwingen, wahrgenommen. Dieser Katechismus ist ein Überlebenspaket mit der Nahrung namens 'Glaube'. Er ist frisches Wasser aus der Quelle für den täglichen Lebensweg und zur Orientierung bei der Entscheidungsfindung. Diese vier Bände chinesischer Katechismen übertragen die klassischen Kerntexte des christlichen Glaubens in das heutige Leben: das Glaubensbekenntnis (Bd. 1), das Vaterunser (Bd. 2), die Zehn Gebote (Bd. 3) und die Liturgie als Feier des Lebens (Bd. 4). Der Autor You Bin aus Peking bietet es aus chinesischer Sicht als Beitrag zur interkulturellen Theologie an. Es ist ein Geschenk an die Weltchristenheit und die Menschheit. Es ist kein lutherischer, reformierter, katholischer oder anglikanischer Katechismus sondern ein post-konfessionelles Fenster zum Leben. In diesem Band 3 werden die Zehn Gebote vor einem chinesischen Hintergrund und mit chinesischer Weisheit interpretiert.
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Modernist Protestantism Triumphs Over Chinese Superstitions: Sun Yat-sen's Religious Quest to Overthrow the Yellow EmpireSun Yat-sen (1866–1925), the first provisional President of the Republic of China in 1912, spent most of his formative years in what Marie-Claire Bergère called ”coastal Blue China” – a dichotomic concept she put in opposition to ”continental Yellow China.” Bergère’s Blue China consisted of the treaty ports in (mainland) China where Western forces enjoyed considerable privileges after the advent of the unequal treaties, as well as overseas areas with Chinese communities under Western control/influence. Around the turn of the twentieth century, the increasingly Modernist teachings of Protestant missionaries in Blue China aligned wellwith the revolutionary aims of Sun and his followers, allowing for a ”window of opportunity” for considerable mutual cooperation to take place. This chapter expands upon Bergère’s concept of Blue China by linking Sun and his revolutionary movement to the influence of Protestant modernism in Blue China – this in contradistinction to an often generalized ”Western learning” or ”Christianity” in (all of) ”China.” The sequential focus is on the first part of the aforementioned ”temporal window,” when the goals of the Chinese revolutionaries prominently aligned with those of the Protestant missionaries (i.e., from just before the turn of the twentieth century until Sun’s short tenure in office in 1912). To emphasize that Protestant modernism – specifically – has been understated as a formative influence on the Republic of China, this work provides a ”zoomed-in” case study of the religion’s influence on Sun in inspiring him to change China. This is done through an overview of his educational background and occasional replication of his religious credo.
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Saving the Nation: Chinese Protestant Elites and the Quest to Build a New China, 1922-1952While Protestant Christians made up only a small percentage of China's overall population during the Republican period, they were heavily represented among the urban elite. Protestant influence was exercised through churches, hospitals, and schools, and reached beyond these institutions into organizations such as the YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association) and YWCA (Young Women's Christian Association). The YMCA's city associations drew their membership from the urban elite and were especially influential within the modern sectors of urban society. Chinese Protestant leaders adapted the social message and practice of Christianity to the conditions of the republican era. Key to this effort was their belief that Christianity could save China - that is, that Christianity could be more than a religion focused on saving individuals, but could also save a people, a society, and a nation. Saving the Nation recounts the history of the Protestant elite beginning with their participation in social reform campaigns in the early twentieth century, continuing through their contribution to the resistance against Japanese imperialism, and ending with Protestant support for a social revolution. The story Thomas Reilly tells is one about the Chinese Protestant elite and the faith they adopted and adapted, Social Christianity. But it is also a broader story about the Chinese people and their struggle to strengthen and renew their nation - to build a New China
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神的问题还是人的问题?——质疑宗教拯救道德论近来．从学术言论到社会生活中都有宗教拯救道德论流行的趋势。这种论调一方面导致民众信教意向的增加，另一方面导致了人们对科学和唯物主义信念的怀疑。本文首先指出这种观点对我国社会道德问题的归因是错误的。接着驳斥了与之紧密相关的科学宗教分工说和宗教高于科学说．最后揭示了宗教道德拯救论掩盖我国当前社会道德问题的实质．会被一部分人有意利用。
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News update on religion and church in China October 13 - December 4, 2023Chinese Christian Studies Forum in 2023: “Featuring Prospects of Sinicized Christianity” / Katharina Feith. - Bitter Winter reports on a letter to parents from a middle school in Yushu (Qinghai): Parents must educate children not to believe in any religion / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - Nearly 300 overseas Zhengyi Daoists receive ordination by “conferring of registers” / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - Official Panchen Lama ordains monks at Tashi Lhunpo Monastery for the first time / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - “2023 Conference on the Interpretation of the Teachings of Tibetan Buddhism” in Beijing / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - PRC State Council releases Tibet White Paper “CPC Policies on the Governance of Xizang in the New Era: Approach and Achievements” / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - Sixth Tone: Wenshu Monastery in Chengdu promotes vegetarianism for visitors / Katharina Feith. - Joint declaration of the two rival incarnations of the Karmapa on the reincarnation of the Shamarpa / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - Human Rights Watch publishes report on “Politics of Mosque Consolidation” in Ningxia and Gansu. - Pastor Wu Wei- - President of the China Christian Council, attends the World Assembly of the United Bible Societies in the Netherlands / Katharina Feith. - 5th Minzu Dialogue Forum of United Bible Societies and Minzu University of China / Katharina Feith. - Visits by representatives of the United Bible Societies China Partnership to China / Katharina Feith. - Pastor Wu Wei meets representatives of the Russian Evangelical Alliance / Katharina Feith. - Preacher Chang Hao remains in custody / Katharina Feith. - Book with testimonies of Chinese LGBTQ Catholics presented to Pope Francis / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - Dating event for single young Catholics in Hangzhou / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - Commission for Liturgy, Sacred Music and Sacred Art visits churches in Hunan and Jiangxi - regarding uniform breviary and hymn book / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - “First Conference on the Sinicization of Shanghai Catholicism: History and Perspectives” / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - Forum “Talking about the Dao by the Sea” in Shanghai on Catholicism / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - 83 adult catechumens are baptized and confirmed in Shanghai Cathedral / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - On his blog, Cardinal Joseph Zen asks the brothers in the underground not to carry out illegitimate episcopal ordinations / Katharina Wenzel-Teuber. - Hong Kong Muslims outraged by the hoisting of the Chinese national flag at a mosque in Kowloon / Katharina Feith. - Cardinal Chow SJ in Hong Kong: Mass of thanksgiving after the elevation to the rank of cardinal / Katharina Feith. - Hong Kong government: Appeal from 10 Catholic bishops for Jimmy Lai is “contempt of court” / Katharina Feith. - Beijing Bishop Li Shan visits Hong Kong / Katharina Feith. - Third International Conference for Chinese Permanent Deacons in Hong Kong / Katharina Feith. - Third Symposium of Holy Spirit Study Centre and official Catholic bodies of the PRC / Katharina Feith. - 80 years of diplomatic relations between the Republic of China and the Holy See / Katharina Feith.
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Eine Einführung in das Religionsverständnis der zeitgenössischen chinesischen ReligionswissenschaftPost-colonial studies of religions ask how the concept of religion can be scientifically defined when there is a consensus-based understanding of religion in everyday life. The subsequent investigation examines to which extent the Studies of Religion in contemporary China deal with this issue: namely, how a phenomenon can be scientifically defined or recognized as »religious«. For this purpose, the theories of three contemporary Chinese researchers in Studies of Religion – Zhuo Xinping, Lv Daji, and Mu Zhongjian – will be discussed in detail. The primary concern of these contemporary Chinese researchers is to emphasize the cultural character of religion in society instead of interpreting religion as an instrument of politics or as a psychological poison. To achieve this goal, Zhuo Xinping uses »Xuanzhi« (observing before judging) as the primary method to protect his objective and neutral position in the Studies of Religion. Lv Daji interprets »religion« as a unique system of cultural symbols in resuming the Marxist theory of religion. Mu Zhongjian tries to figure out the particularity of »Chinese religion« by clarifying the relationship between »Chinese religion« and Confucianism. This study claims, that as a result of their efforts, religion is increasingly treated as a normal cultural phenomenon in Chinese society.
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Introduction:Towards an Economic Anthropology of Catholicism, in the Age of Pope FrancisIntroduction to Towards an Economic Anthropology of Catholicism, in the Age of Pope Francis.
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A Historical Review of the Comparative Study of Mohism and Christianity during the Late Qing and Republican China PeriodsThis study provides a fresh understanding of the historical development shaping comparative studies between Christianity and Mohism during the late Qing and Republican China periods. It traces the foundation of these studies to both the idea that ‘Western knowledge originated from Mohism’ and to the Mohism studies by the Qian-Jia School 乾嘉學派 during the Qing Dynasty. This study spotlights the groundbreaking proposition by Zou Boqi 鄒伯奇 in 1844, who first suggested that Western knowledge, including Christianity, originated from Mohism, a widely accepted view among Chinese literati. The article then explores the paradigm shift initiated by Liang Qichao 梁啓超, influenced by Sun Yirang 孫詒讓 and his Mozi Jiangu 墨子閒詁 (The Works of Mozi with Commentaries), which broadened the comparative perspective. The significant influence of the Qian-Jia School’s Mohism studies on both Chinese and non-Chinese scholars is analyzed, along with the diverse approaches and contributions of key figures like Joesph Edkins, James Legge, Ernst Faber, Alexandra David-Néel, Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki, Huang Zhiji 黃治基, Wang Zhixin 王治心, Zhang Chunyi 張純一, Mei Yi-Pao 梅貽寶, and Wu Leichuan 吳雷川. The article underscores these scholarly groups’ dynamic interplay and varied objectives, shaping a vibrant and contentious academic landscape.
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Festas tradicionais de Portugal e da ChinaDissertação de mestrado em Estudos Interculturais Português / Chinês: Tradução, Formação e Comunicação Empresarial
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El Tianzhu Shiyi (Verdadero Significado del Señor del Cielo) de Matteo Ricci y su refutación del monismo ontológicoMatteo Ricci (1552-1610) es considerado como el fundador de la misión jesuítica en China. La política de acomodación iniciada por Ricci permitió que los jesuitas fueran aceptados por los letrados de la dinastía Ming, iniciando un diálogo intercultural entre el cristianismo y el confucianismo. La obra filosófica más importante de Ricci fue el Tianzhu Shiyi (Verdadero Significado del Señor del Cielo), publicada en 1603. En ella, Ricci intenta mostrar los elementos más importantes del cristianismo, buscando conexiones con la ética confuciana y, al mismo tiempo, refutando algunos aspectos filosóficos budistas y neoconfucianos incompatibles con la fe cristiana. Una de las doctrinas filosóficas que fueron criticadas con mayor firmeza fue el monismo ontológico, presente en la corriente filosófica más influyente en China en tiempos de Ricci: el neoconfucianismo. En este artículo se analizan algunos fragmentos del Tianzhu Shiyi y se introducen los elementos más importantes de la escuela Cheng-Zhu del neoconfucianismo, para poder entender la acomodación filosófica que los jesuitas llevaron a cabo en China.
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Universalismos en disputa y convergencia: jesuitas, letrados y los primeros relatos en China sobre el “descubrimiento” y la evangelización de AméricaObjetivo/Contexto: Este artículo investiga cómo siete letrados de las dinastías Ming (1368-1644) y Qing (1644-1912), cuyas obras versan sobre la geografía e historia mundial, interactuaron y negociaron con las narrativas jesuitas en chino sobre el “descubrimiento” y evangelización de América. El objetivo principal es dilucidar las diferencias y similitudes entre las perspectivas de ambas partes sobre estos eventos, resaltando el papel que el encuentro entre los universalismos del confucianismo y el cristianismo jugó en dichas interpretaciones. Metodología: Se emplea un análisis textual, comparativo e histórico-contextual, enmarcado en las perspectivas teóricas de Nicolas Standaert y Pingyi Chu sobre el encuentro sino-jesuita como un caso de intercambio cultural. En él se negociaron conocimientos mediante la selección de elementos textuales y de la reestructuración de marcos conceptuales. Con ello, se contrastan las narrativas sobre el “descubrimiento” y evangelización de América en obras chinas con la descripción jesuita sobre estos eventos, y se investigan los factores contextuales que determinaron tanto la creación de estas narrativas por parte de la misión jesuita en China como las reacciones de letrados chinos hacia ellas. Originalidad: Este es un estudio pionero en examinar la recepción de los primeros relatos en China sobre contactos euroamericanos. Busca contribuir al campo de la historia intelectual china y global, al poner en discusión cómo un evento fundacional de la cosmovisión europea fue resignificado desde diversas perspectivas por letrados chinos interesados en incorporar los relatos sobre el “descubrimiento” en sus obras y en integrarlos en el camino del universalismo confuciano. Conclusiones: Las narrativas sobre estos eventos fueron espacios discursivos donde tuvieron lugar disputas y convergencias entre los proyectos civilizadores del cristianismo y el confucianismo. El modo en que letrados chinos las integraron en sus trabajos refleja cómo la transmisión de la visión de mundo cristiano se sometió a marcos locales que reforzaron ideas etnocéntricas. Inevitablemente, esto condujo a la emergencia de interpretaciones alternativas a la europea sobre la historia de América en la China imperial tardía. Esto último desafió la mirada etnocéntrica europea, que en buena medida se fundamentó en el “descubrimiento” y evangelización de América, y muestra cómo los letrados chinos usaron sus narrativas para la defensa de su propia civilización.
