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Decentralization, Accountability and Local Services in Sierra Leone : Situation Analysis, Key Challenges and Opportunities for ReformFollowing years of civil war that ended
 in 2002, Sierra Leone has pursued a policy of
 decentralization, devolving responsibility for many
 government functions to the Local Council level. The aims of
 this policy include achieving a more equitable and inclusive
 access to public services across the national territory, in
 part to alleviate regional inequities that contributed to
 the civil war. The implementation of the decentralization
 policy has faced many obstacles, however, including the need
 to rebuild local government institutions and capacity after
 30 years of centrally dominated governance; the limited
 devolution of financial resources; and multifaceted
 political economy hurdles. This report, first, analyzes the
 current state of decentralization in Sierra Leone; second,
 identifies the most prominent challenges to continued
 decentralization; and, third, discusses options for the way
 forward. The report draws on qualitative and quantitative
 data collected from both central and local government
 stakeholders, and takes the perspective that
 decentralization and strengthened local governance
 institutions are an effective means to localize development
 and improve the effective and equitable delivery of key
 public services. The study focuses on progress to date and
 standing challenges in four key areas of analysis: fiscal
 decentralization, human resource decentralization, ensuring
 inclusivity and accountability in local governance, and
 ensuring efficiency and responsiveness in service delivery.
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Sub-National Performance Incentives in the Intergovernmental FrameworkThis paper provides background for the
 Government of Indonesia as it considers if and how to
 introduce more robust local government performance
 incentives into the intergovernmental fiscal framework. The
 next section briefly examines the forces that have driven
 the recent national wave of interest in improving local
 government performance. This is followed by a review of the
 relatively limited set of local government performance
 incentives currently in force in Indonesia. The fourth
 section provides a conceptual overview of how to think about
 the possible expansion of local government incentive
 programs, outlining the potential role(s) of such programs
 in general and the key issues involved in designing and
 implementing them. The fifth section tentatively considers a
 number of options for additional local government incentives
 in Indonesia that the central government may wish to
 consider pursuing. The paper concludes with an outline of
 next steps for moving forward with the possible development
 of more purposeful and meaningful performance incentives in
 Indonesia's intergovernmental fiscal framework.
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Local Governance in Developing CountriesThis book develops a comparative institutional framework for responsive, responsible, and accountable governance in developing countries. It provides a synthesis of analytical literature on local governance. It traces the historical evolution of local governance and presents a stylized view of alternative models of local governance practiced in various countries. It also presents case studies for 10 countries by leading national and international scholars. The country case studies present an in-depth view of local government organization and finance in each country.