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Acuerdos de integración económica en Latinoamérica: efectos sobre los márgenes de comercio

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Author(s)
Florensa, Luis Marcelo
Márquez Ramos, Laura
Recalde, María Luisa
Barone, María Victoria

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/924599
Online Access
http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=4254292
Abstract
This paper studies the effects of economic integration in Latin America on the margins of trade. The analysis is performed on eleven member countries of the Latin American Integration Association (LAIA). In order to do so, we use panel data for bilateral exports of goods from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela to a large group of trading partners over the period 1962-2005. We distinguish the effects of different levels of integration on trade margins; different “timing” (current period, short and long-term) and different sectors (primary goods and agricultural manufactures; industrial manufactures and mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials). Our results provide evidence about the benefits of regional integration. Despite appearing to have contributed most to boosting exports of goods that were already exported rather than to diversification, regional trade integration is in line with LAIA members’ development and industrialisation objectives, as trade margins have increased to a greater extent in industrial manufactures in the long term.
Este trabajo estudia los efectos de los acuerdos de integración econó- mica en Latinoamérica sobre los márgenes del comercio. El análisis se realiza para un grupo de once países de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración (ALADI). Para ello se utiliza un panel con las exportaciones de bienes de Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay y Venezuela a un grupo de 161 países de destino para el período 1962-2005. En este artículo se distinguen los efectos de distintos niveles de integración sobre los márgenes de comercio. Se considera además el periodo corriente, el corto y el largo plazo y tres sectores de actividad diferentes (bienes primarios y manufacturas de origen agropecuario, manufacturas de origen industrial y combustibles, lubricantes y materiales relacionados). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la integración regional ha tenido beneficios. Si bien ha contribuido en mayor medida al aumento de las exportaciones de aquellos bienes que ya se exportaban que a incrementar la diversificación, la integración regional responde a los objetivos de desarrollo e industrialización de los países miembros del ALADI, ya que ha fomentado el aumento de los márgenes de comercio en las manufacturas de origen industrial en el largo plazo.
Date
2013
Type
text (article)
Identifier
oai:dialnet.unirioja.es:ART0000565435
http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=4254292
(Revista) ISSN 0797-5546
Copyright/License
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