Related items
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Peru : Country Program Evaluation for the World Bank Group, 2003-09Since 2003, Peru has emerged as an open, rapidly growing economy. Over the review period of 2003-09, successive governments adopted policy platforms aimed at maintaining macroeconomic stability, furthering the private sector supply response, broadening participation in growth, improving social service delivery, and strengthening public institutions. The World Bank Group (WBG) supported each of the three pillars of the government's poverty reduction strategy, namely: (i) broad-based economic growth that engaged a higher share of the population; (ii) enhanced human development through improved social service delivery; and (iii) strengthened public sector institutions. Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) recommends that the WBG: (i) tailor its strategy to support long-term integration of Peru's three distinct regions; (ii) seek opportunities to support large-scale infrastructure development; (iii) develop a more strategic approach to helping improve public sector management; (iv) seek further innovations in International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD's) instruments against a backdrop of declining demand for its financial resources; (v) seek to help develop a strategic planning function in Peru; (vi) build a close strategic partnership with development partners that provides concessional finance in the social sectors to optimize synergies with IBRD policy lending and analytic and advisory activities; (vii) develop a strategic focus for International Finance Corporation (IFC) around employment- generating industries in emerging sectors; (viii) maintain IFC's additionality by supporting lower-tier and more regionally dispersed private companies; and (ix) leverage the strong country presence of IBRD and IFC to enhance Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency's (MIGA's) marketing and risk assessment functions.
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Lebanon : Public Expenditure Review, Reform Priorities for Fiscal Adjustment, Growth and Poverty AlleviationLebanon's current priority -- in the face of high public deficits and unsustainable debt dynamics -- is to contain and rationalize public expenditures in every possible sector while improving the efficiency of social spending. The needed containment of primary public expenditures should be understood as a transition to restore fiscal sustainability and enhance growth prospects. This Public Expenditure Review aims to assist Lebanon in its fiscal stabilization effort. The containment of public expenditures could entail painful choices, which will first require an analysis to identify where spending pressures lie (e.g., contingent liabilities, social sectors), and how to address them. And ideally, eliminating non productive spending should replace containment as the main instrument of adjustment. The report seeks to identify what critical and realistic short and longer term measures can be implemented to achieve this objective. The report is organized as follows. Chapter 1 provides the macro-economic framework and discusses the need for fiscal adjustment. Chapter 2 looks for possibilities to contain primary expenditures in the next five years. Chapter 3 reviews the efficiency for current social expenditures, and explores ways to improve their efficiency with the view to improving support for human development during the ordinary course o f the economy and preventing human capital deterioration during any possible economic crisis. Finally, Chapter 4 discusses options to improve civil service and move towards performance budgeting in the medium-to-long run.
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Romania : Public Expenditure and Institutional Review : Background PapersThe government has embarked upon a
 comprehensive and difficult medium term program for
 reforming the public sector aimed at rebalancing the
 relation between revenue and spending and enhancing the
 efficiency and efficacy of service delivery. The Romanian
 economy has been hit hard by the global economic downturn.
 Latest estimates suggest that real Gross Domestic Product
 (GDP) may have contracted by around 7 percent in 2009,
 before modestly recovering in 2010. The severe decline in
 output has had a significant adverse effect on consolidated
 budget revenues, which fell substantially below the initial
 target in 2009. To prevent a further deterioration of the
 already large fiscal deficit, the shortfall in revenue has
 led to adjustments in spending. Consolidation of expenditure
 needs however continue in order to put public finances on a
 sustainable trajectory over the medium term. The report is
 structured in two volumes. The first volume synthesizes the
 menu of options suggested to reduce the short term gap
 between budget expenditure and revenues. It also highlights
 the key challenges and recommendations for improving
 efficiency and efficacy of spending in the sectors
 investigated. Volume two consists of the background
 analyses, with individual chapters dedicated to the fiscal
 framework; public pay; pensions; education; health; and
 agriculture. The report makes the case that, in the current
 crisis environment and consistent with experience worldwide,
 the gap between expenditure and revenue should be done
 primarily by reducing the level of current spending.