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Public-Private Partnerships in Europe and Central Asia : Designing Crisis-Resilient Strategies and Bankable ProjectsThis study aims to help governments
 design sustainable Public-Private Partnership (PPP)
 strategies and projects in the context of the changed
 circumstances brought on by the global financial and
 economic crisis that began in the fall of 2008. The study
 analyses the impact and implication of the crisis on PPP
 infrastructure projects across the Europe and Central Asia
 (ECA) region. In the research undertaken for this study, it
 appears that most crisis-specific issues are cross-sectoral,
 therefore requiring cross-sectoral responses. The intended
 audience for this report includes national government
 stakeholders involved in infrastructure financing, including
 Ministries in charge of infrastructure, especially
 transport, energy, and water; state-owned enterprises with
 operational responsibilities, such as road directorates; and
 Ministries of Finance and development banks involved in PPP.
 This report reviewed the region's experience in PPPs in
 infrastructure before and during the financial crisis period
 (from late 2006 to 2010). Since not all ECA countries have
 had successful or ongoing PPP projects during this time, the
 report draws on lessons from Brazil, India, Spain, and the
 United Kingdom, countries with established PPP project
 pipelines to draw on cross-sectoral lessons. The findings
 can be used by countries wishing to start or re-start their
 PPP program following the impact of the recent crisis.
 However, beyond the crisis and its effects, the report can
 also guide future development of sustainable and
 crisis-resilient PPP programs. Most of the analysis
 supporting the report recommendations was undertaken for the
 highway sector and was financed through from a grant from
 the transport research support program. Initially, the
 highway sector was the focus of this study but the scope was
 later widened to include all infrastructure sectors because
 most issues facing highway PPP projects are common to other
 sectors requiring a cross-sectoral approach to PPP.
 Sector-specific strategies for highways have been documented
 in a recent World Bank study.
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An Expressway Development Strategy for VietnamVietnam's rapid economic growth
 continues to create new demands for transport infrastructure
 and services. Bottlenecks to business activities caused by
 infrastructure constraints are already appearing in several
 areas. High rates of urbanization, rising traffic accidents,
 new capacity constraints, and a large increase in asset
 preservation requirements to meet the fast expansion of
 transport assets presents further challenges to the sector.
 To address these infrastructure bottlenecks, and to
 gradually remove the transport constraints on industry,
 Vietnam is embarking on an ambitious expressway development
 program. To date the transport sector has facilitated this
 growth principally through the rehabilitation and widening
 of existing arterial roads. The national road network has
 expanded to 17,000 km, the overall condition has improved
 with 66 percent of the network being in good and fair
 condition and 84 percent of the network is now paved. If
 traffic growth rates continue at their current rate these
 constraints could adversely impact future economic
 development. The successful development of an expressway
 system is a significant physical and financial commitment
 which will require a number of changes to laws, regulations,
 institutions and operations of the network.
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Uruguay Policy Notes : Challenges and Opportunities 2010-2015The policy notes have two objectives: (i) to present the incoming government team with a menu of policy options in areas where the World Bank has local and international experience; and (ii) to provide a framework for the dialogue between the new governments and the World Bank on the new Country Partnership Strategy (CPS). As such, the discussion of these notes with the authorities was also an opportunity to undertake preliminary consultations on the Bank's support to Uruguay for 2010-2015. The themes of the notes were selected by the outgoing authorities based on ongoing and completed World Bank work, and they prioritize areas where Bank cooperation would add the most value. Uruguay's economy is small, but it has many strengths and high potential for growth and social development. The country has a long democratic tradition, a political system characterized by clear rules of the game and governability, and solid institutions at all levels. Uruguay is one of the most equitable countries in Latin America and enjoys a social peace notable in the region. Good macroeconomic management following the 2002 crisis has reduced country vulnerabilities and strengthened confidence in its institutions. These characteristics are very valuable assets for promoting foreign and domestic investment, essential to sustain the high growth achieved in recent years. Another asset is the high coverage of the education system, although education quality has recently become a challenge.