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Insurance against Climate Change : Financial Disaster Risk Management and Insurance Options for Climate Change Adaptation in BulgariaBulgaria is exposed to nearly all types of climate extremes, including floods, droughts, and others, as well as earthquakes. The combination of insurance products, early warning systems, information campaigns, infrastructure adaptation measures, and strict regulations can be very useful in tackling the negative climate change impacts. This note provides an overview of the insurance sector s contribution to climate change - related risk prevention and highlights some of Bulgaria s ongoing disaster risk management (DRM) efforts. The note aims to raise awareness and emphasize the role that financial disaster risk management (FDRM), including insurance, can have in climate change adaptation. Based on a desk review and preliminary in-country stakeholder consultations, the note s findings are meant to motivate new thinking and serve as an engagement tool for ongoing in-country discussions, as well to help identify analytical work to be carried out in the future. Based on the preliminary review of Bulgaria s specific context, several ideas are being put forward to be further explored in the ongoing discussions toward creating FDRM products to address the major natural disasters (in particular, floods, droughts, and earthquakes) and improving adaptation to climate change. Potential areas of analysis that can be further explored and, as such, plant a seed for future action can focus on promoting risk prevention and deploying insurance instruments, including issues around traditional risk management, technology innovation, compulsory disaster insurance, forecast insurance, and disaster insurance pools. The analysis which will assess the extent of vulnerability of the subjects covered by existing insurance products, can subsequently lead to the decisions on priority insurance products to be introduced in the future.
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Agricultural Insurance in Bangladesh : Promoting Access to Small and Marginal FarmersBangladesh is ranked as the world's fifth most exposed country to natural disasters, including floods, cyclones, and droughts. The purpose of this study is to investigate the viability of agricultural insurance in Bangladesh, particularly for small and marginal farmers and to present the Government of Bangladesh (GoB) with a set of options for the future development of agricultural insurance in the country. The current study aims to identify an overall framework for the development of sustainable market-based agricultural insurance in Bangladesh. It also reviews the technical, operational, financial, and institutional issues and options for the introduction of traditional crop and livestock insurance products and for new crop-index products that are suitable to Bangladeshi farmers. This report present a series of practical guidelines and options for GoB and other interested parties to consider for the future development and implementation of crop, livestock and aquaculture insurance in Bangladesh. This study benefits from this international experience (for example, the Indian area-yield and weather-index crop insurance schemes, a Mexican agricultural mutual insurance program, and a Mongolian livestock-mortality index insurance program), which is tailored to the local economic and social context of Bangladesh.
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Agricultural Risk Management in the Caribbean : Lessons and Experiences, 2009-2012The purpose of this report is to summarize the main results and lessons learned during the implementation of the World Bank technical assistance (TA), which are valuable to the ongoing discussion on agricultural risk management in the region. The report is organized as follows. Section two summarizes the program risk management strategies, including initial objectives and final outcomes. In particular, it describes how these objectives change in order to respond to the countries' particular demands. Section three presents the methodology and basic principles applied in the four stages of the program implementation. Six country cases are summarized in section four with a complete description of final outputs and recommendations. Finally, section five presents the main conclusions and lessons learned.