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Geography of Growth : Spatial
 Economics and CompetitivenessThis volume is organized as follows.
 Chapter one address two questions: how has spatial
 concentration evolved with growth and development, and what
 are the efficiency implications of too much or too little
 spatial concentration? This chapter summarizes the various
 models that analyze growth by geographic concentration and
 sets the foundation for concepts discussed in later
 chapters. Chapter two focuses on urbanization in
 geographies. Chapter three correlates urban presence with
 economic density in developed and developing countries. It
 initially focuses on how urban transition and growth are
 blurring the rural-urban divide and the unprecedented volume
 of people who are moving to urban areas. Chapter four
 discusses how different industries inhabit and impact
 various urban sectors. Chapter five contextualizes urban
 growth in the current technological landscape as innovation,
 particularly in information technology, has become critical
 to increasing productivity and consequently growth. Chapter
 six further analyzes urbanization in the current global
 context, specifically, the impact of globalization and
 industry clusters on urbanization. Chapter seven addresses a
 current fundamental global trend: why has urbanization been
 growing rapidly since the 1950s? Some theories suggest that
 it is industry that spurs urbanization and consequently
 growth in infrastructure; however this is not the case.
 Instead, the chapter concludes by looking at data across
 regions and cities, the municipalities are pivotal in
 influencing infrastructure development and growth in urban
 centers. Finally, chapter eight deciphers why some cities
 are more successful than others. Why do Karachi and Sao
 Paulo have the human capital that qualifies them as urban
 centers but not as thriving cities? By citing examples of
 successful cities, this chapter provides policy
 recommendations on how to make a city competitive in
 today's economy.
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Geography of Growth : Spatial Economics and CompetitivenessThis volume is organized as follows. Chapter one address two questions: how has spatial concentration evolved with growth and development, and what are the efficiency implications of too much or too little spatial concentration? This chapter summarizes the various models that analyze growth by geographic concentration and sets the foundation for concepts discussed in later chapters. Chapter two focuses on urbanization in geographies. Chapter three correlates urban presence with economic density in developed and developing countries. It initially focuses on how urban transition and growth are blurring the rural-urban divide and the unprecedented volume of people who are moving to urban areas. Chapter four discusses how different industries inhabit and impact various urban sectors. Chapter five contextualizes urban growth in the current technological landscape as innovation, particularly in information technology, has become critical to increasing productivity and consequently growth. Chapter six further analyzes urbanization in the current global context, specifically, the impact of globalization and industry clusters on urbanization. Chapter seven addresses a current fundamental global trend: why has urbanization been growing rapidly since the 1950s? Some theories suggest that it is industry that spurs urbanization and consequently growth in infrastructure; however this is not the case. Instead, the chapter concludes by looking at data across regions and cities, the municipalities are pivotal in influencing infrastructure development and growth in urban centers. Finally, chapter eight deciphers why some cities are more successful than others. Why do Karachi and Sao Paulo have the human capital that qualifies them as urban centers but not as thriving cities? By citing examples of successful cities, this chapter provides policy recommendations on how to make a city competitive in today's economy.
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Reshaping Economic Geography of East Africa : From Regional to Global Integration (Vol. 1 of 2)Five East African countries Burundi,
 Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda have made solid progress
 on integrating regionally in the East African Community
 (EAC) since 1999. Such advances are crucial, as integration
 in East Africa has the potential for higher than usual
 benefits: Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda are landlocked, with
 very high costs to their economies. Successful integration
 will transform the five countries into one coastal, regional
 economy, slashing such costs. Looking at the East African
 integration through the lens of economic geography helps to
 improve sequencing of the integration process and to develop
 new policies to complement ongoing efforts, maximizing their
 benefits. Reducing disparities in provision of social
 services will increase the chances of workers from the
 inland parts of the EAC to find jobs, especially as
 administrative obstacles to labor mobility are being removed
 under the Common Market Protocol. Implementing and deepening
 the current program of regional infrastructure improvements
 will ensure that consumers and producers throughout the
 region are better connected to each other and to global
 markets. Integration policies facilitating greater economic
 activity in the coastal areas will help the EAC take
 advantage of the global demand for manufactured goods and
 thus to promote employment. That will also generate
 substantial demand for services and agricultural goods
 produced inland, amplifying the benefits of the customs union.