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International Trade in Services : New Trends and Opportunities for Developing CountriesInternational trade in services also provides an assessment of how policy makers can further bolster their service industries by leveraging the changes prompted by technological advancements. The book provides policy recommendations that include the reduction of barriers to services trade across all sectors and the promotion of health- and environment-related development policies that should be promoted in parallel with a burgeoning services market. The first recommendation is considered the most important, because it focuses on the need to ensure trade openness, which helps ensure the access to services and promotes the quality of services provision through foreign and domestic competition. Moreover, the issue of temporary movement of labor is another focus of this book, given that it is one of the most important means of service exports for developing countries. This is an issue that is considered technically complex and politically sensitive because of its political and security implications. The book examines mechanisms that have been used by various countries to liberalize the temporary movement of persons and concludes that regardless of the negotiating forum- multilateral, regional, or bilateral-the policy making results on temporary movement of labor are, so far, modest and limited to a small range of categories. However, it proposes alternative ways to move forward that require further analysis by countries and relevant international organizations, including the World Bank.
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International Trade in Services :
 New Trends and Opportunities for Developing CountriesInternational trade in services also
 provides an assessment of how policy makers can further
 bolster their service industries by leveraging the changes
 prompted by technological advancements. The book provides
 policy recommendations that include the reduction of
 barriers to services trade across all sectors and the
 promotion of health- and environment-related development
 policies that should be promoted in parallel with a
 burgeoning services market. The first recommendation is
 considered the most important, because it focuses on the
 need to ensure trade openness, which helps ensure the access
 to services and promotes the quality of services provision
 through foreign and domestic competition. Moreover, the
 issue of temporary movement of labor is another focus of
 this book, given that it is one of the most important means
 of service exports for developing countries. This is an
 issue that is considered technically complex and politically
 sensitive because of its political and security
 implications. The book examines mechanisms that have been
 used by various countries to liberalize the temporary
 movement of persons and concludes that regardless of the
 negotiating forum- multilateral, regional, or bilateral-the
 policy making results on temporary movement of labor are, so
 far, modest and limited to a small range of categories.
 However, it proposes alternative ways to move forward that
 require further analysis by countries and relevant
 international organizations, including the World Bank.
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Trade in Services Negotiations : A Guide for Developing CountriesThe aim of this book is to help policy makers, especially in the least developed countries, address the complexities of the organization, formulation, and implementation of trade-related reforms in the service sector. The book provides a conceptual framework for trade policy making and negotiation and practical tools that may be used to guide negotiations on policies that affect the trade and investment in services. The aim is not to be prescriptive, but to provide practical recommendations and tools that may be applied in the pursuit of negotiations on services, including consultations and regulatory audits. Negotiators often have little basic information regarding existing regulations and the purpose of these regulations. This problem is compounded by the difficulty of translating existing regulations into the terminology and concepts used in trade agreements. Different methodological approaches are needed to manage different sets of laws and regulations. This book offers a simple tool to help countries organize information to address these challenges. The book also provides practical examples and negotiation exercises that aim to enhance understanding of ways to use the conceptual framework and related tools.