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Strengthening Institutions for the Preparation of Government BudgetsThe Government of Zimbabwe (GOZ) faces
 difficult choices in managing the size of its civil service
 wage bill. The Government understands the need to watch the
 escalating wage bill carefully and put in place a strategy
 to steer it to a sustainable level as early as possible.
 Historical and international comparisons suggest that an
 overall wage bill of around 10 percent of GDP should be the
 medium-term target. This note illustrates that Zimbabwe
 could take immediate steps in 2010 and 2011 that will put it
 on the path of a sustainable level of wage bill in the
 medium-term. The focus of efforts to contain the wage bill
 should be on short-term measures because designing and
 implementing a medium-term approach to wage bill management
 would be too challenging in view of prevailing economic
 uncertainty and complex political reality. The note covers
 the staff employed by the Central Government, including
 uniformed services and staff employed by the Grant-in-Aided
 (GIA) institutions. The staff employed by local governments
 and public enterprises are excluded because direct transfers
 from the central budget to local government and public
 enterprises are rather small. (annex A has an outline of the
 institutional aspects of civil service in Zimbabwe). Given
 the paucity of information, the note does not make any
 recommendations specific to the GIA wage bill.
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Results, Performance Budgeting and Trust in GovernmentThe book identifies four categories of
 performance budgeting, namely direct performance budgeting,
 performance informed budget (PIB), opportunistic performance
 budgeting and presentational performance budgeting. While
 the Conference papers often refer to performance budgeting
 broadly defined, much of the book focuses on PIB, the most
 common category of performance budgeting adopted to date,
 making the argument that this is likely to be the most
 applicable in many Latin American countries. The book
 combines two seemingly diverse governance topics, adopts
 contrasting analytic styles to address these, and seeks to
 draw out their inter-connections, with particular reference
 to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
 (OECD) and Latin American countries. The first topic is PIB,
 which is discussed largely from the practical perspective of
 policy makers and practitioners, reflecting that it is a
 major public administration reform that has been underway
 for several decades. The second topic is the trust of
 citizens and firms in government. This book is divided into
 seven chapters. Chapter one provides an overview of PIB,
 building on two decades of experience and lesson-learning,
 and sets out the key themes that provide the basis for the
 discussions in the subsequent chapters. Chapter two
 introduces the concept of trust in government, particularly
 in OECD and Latin American countries, and explores why this
 matters for development. Chapters three, four, and five
 explore key dimensions of PIB, including the institutional
 foundations, the production of performance information, and
 the uses of performance information. Chapter six considers
 the impact of performance improvement on trust in government
 in OECD and Latin American countries. Chapter seven provides
 a guide for practitioners on PIB.
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Improving Public Expenditures in AgricultureThe objective of the agricultural sector public expenditure review (AgPER) was to examine the
 efficiency and effectiveness of agricultural sector expenditures in Mongolia. The AgPER provides policy makers with a better understanding of: (a) trends in the level and
 composition of public expenditures in agriculture over the past five to ten years; (b) the economic
 and functional composition of agriculture expenditures; (c) the budget processes and performance in
 the agriculture sector; (d) issues inhibiting the effectiveness and efficiency of public expenditures in
 agriculture.