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Making Sense of Financial Capability Surveys around the WorldThis report will be particularly useful
 for policy makers and regulators who prioritize financial
 inclusion and/or financial literacy, or who are introducing
 financial education strategies according to the high-level
 principles developed by the organization for economic
 cooperation and development international network for
 financial education and recently endorsed by the G20
 leaders. The review is intended to be a reference tool for
 policy makers, practitioners, and researchers interested in
 conducting a survey on these topics, and for those who need
 to identify the appropriate combination of methods for
 policy or research objectives. Chapter one examines how to
 identify, compare, and contrast existing measurement
 approaches in the area of financial literacy and capability,
 and in the related areas of financial inclusion and
 financial consumer protection. Chapter two discusses the
 role that surveys can have in informing policy and research
 in this area and provides examples of specific survey
 objectives. Chapter three describes and compares the content
 of the various instruments on financial capability,
 financial inclusion, and financial consumer protection, and
 provides examples of commonly used questions. Chapter four
 describes the methods used for survey implementation, and
 highlights technical issues that can affect data quality.
 Finally, chapter five describes the analytical methods that
 have been used to present the results and to construct
 indicators. Detailed information about each study is
 provided in standalone summaries in appendix B.
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Scaling-Up SME Access to Financial ServicesSmall and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a major role in economic development, particularly in emerging countries, but access to finance remains a key constraint to SME. In the light of the new understanding of the SME finance challenges that this report synthesizes, the Financial Inclusion Experts Group (FIEG) makes key recommendations for the G-20 leaders, in order to achieve a global scale-up of SME access to financial services in the developing world. The G-20 FIEG SME Finance Sub-Group executed a global SME Finance stocktaking exercise with various SME finance models to establish best practices in SME Finance.The report concludes that, given the fragmented SME finance data space, the G-20 has a unique opportunity to lead the collaborative effort on improving the availability and quality of SME finance data globally. This can be achieved through encouraging and coordinating the data collection efforts at regional, national, and global levels conducted by a multitude of sources including national governments/agencies and international organizations and effectively addressing the data collection challenges along the way to ensure continuity of these efforts moving forward.
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Scaling-Up SME Access to Financial Services in the Developing WorldSmall and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a major role in economic development, particularly in emerging countries. Access to finance remains a key constraint to SME development in emerging economies. Closing the credit gap for formal SMEs will be less daunting than for informal SMEs. The SME finance gap is the result of a mismatch between the needs of the small firms and the supply of financial services, which typically are easier for larger firms to access. Deficiencies in the enabling environment and residual market failures have motivated government interventions to foster SME access to financing. The stocktaking exercise confirms the rise in various parts of the world of specific business models aimed at providing financial services to SMEs in a cost-effective manner. Effective SME financing models can be implemented in different country and market environments, but greater outreach is achieved in the most developed environments for the financial sector. Although SME banking and microfinance models are successfully being rolled out in an increasing number of countries and regions, equity financing remains a challenge in developing economies. The role of international finance institutions (IFIs) and development finance institutions (DFIs) to foster SME financing in the developing world has been significant so far. Increasing access to finance can only be successful if qualitative aspects are taken into account.