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Payment Systems Worldwide - A Snapshot : Outcomes of the Global Payment Systems Survey 2010Global survey outcomes presented in this
 publication are divided into two main sections: Chapters I
 through VIII analyze the survey results and identify trends
 using various variable for cross-country comparisons. In
 addition to worldwide totals, three broad country
 characteristics exogenous to payment system development are
 used as a basis for comparisons: i) level of per capita
 income; ii) geographical location; iii) population size.
 Details of the methodology used for the analysis are covered
 in the Methodological Note. The Appendix contains the full
 set of countryby- country answers to each of the questions
 included in the questionnaire.
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Including Financial Services in Preferential Trade Agreements : Lessons of International Experience for ChinaThe objective of this paper is to
 address the main considerations for China of including
 financial services in its preferential trade agreements. The
 paper briefly reviews China's financial liberalization
 process and the state of its domestic financial system,
 discusses the main considerations of including financial
 services in China's preferential trade agreements,
 compares and contrasts the different
 'architectural' approaches that have been used by
 countries to include financial services in such agreements,
 and identifies good practices in preparing for financial
 services negotiations. Particular emphasis is placed on
 lessons from Latin American preferential trade agreements,
 given their more frequent and extensive coverage of
 financial services compared with other regions.
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Liberalization of Trade in Financial Services : Lessons from Latin America and the CaribbeanThis policy note is based on a project
 on financial services and trade agreements in the Latin
 America and Caribbean Region. It emphasizes that the
 liberalization of trade in financial services is helpful to,
 but is not a panacea for, domestic financial system
 modernization. It adds that the means of liberalizing trade
 in financial services may also determine the extent of the
 benefits that can be attained and that any trade commitments
 in financial services will need to be aligned with
 China's financial system condition and policy
 objectives. The author points out however, that China can
 also draw useful policy lessons from the Latin America and
 Caribbean (LCR) experience when negotiating financial
 services in Preferential Trade Arrangement (PTAs) by
 firstly, the inclusion of financial services which depends
 greatly on the existence of offensive interests and of
 asymmetric bargaining powers between the negotiating
 counterparts; secondly, the case studies which strongly
 indicate the importance of initial conditions and historical
 experience in shaping a country's financial services
 trade strategy; thirdly, the scheduling approach of the
 (typically self-contained) financial services chapter which
 both contributes to, and is determined by, the willingness
 to liberalize; and finally the authorities should be
 cognizant of important nuances between the two main
 negotiating templates.