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Uma ontologia negativa do indivíduo em Althusser

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Author(s)
Goto, Roberto
Contributor(s)
nenhuma
Keywords
Educação; Filosofia
Herói. Indivíduo. Ontologia. Sujeito.

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/9996
Online Access
http://www.seer.ufu.br/index.php/EducacaoFilosofia/article/view/30925
Abstract
* Doutor em Educação pela Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp). Professor do Departamento de Filosofia e História da Educação da Faculdade de Educação da Unicamp.Resumo: Em sua teoria da ideologia em geral, exposta em Ideologia e Aparelhos Ideológicos de Estado, Louis Althusser sustenta que os sujeitos nunca são constituintes, mas sempre e já constituídos na e pela ideologia, a partir de algo que os precede – os indivíduos. Aí está, senão exposta, ao menos sugerida, uma ontologia do indivíduo, ainda que negativa, na medida em que o indivíduo que se torna sujeito pelas artes e artimanhas da ideologia é uma espécie de origem, fonte ou fundamento que nunca existe concretamente, abortado que é no instante mesmo em que a interpelação ideológica faz dele um sujeito, destinado a viver a ambivalência de ser simultaneamente ativo e passivo. Este ensaio especula sobre essa ontologia no contexto do célebre pedido de desculpas que entremeia o texto althusseriano, confrontando-a com a questão que ele suscita a respeito do que chama de “heróis”.Palavras-chave: Herói. Indivíduo. Ontologia. Sujeito.A negative ontology of the individual in Althusser’s workAbstract: In his theory of the ideology in general, exposed in Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses, Louis Althusser sustains that subjects aren't constituents, but they are always and immediately constituted in and by ideology, from someone that goes before them – the individuals. There it is, exposed or, at least, suggested, a ontology of the individual, however negative, in view of the individual which becomes subject by the ideology's crafts and tricks is a kind of origin, source or basis that never exists concretely, aborted that he is in the same moment in which the ideological calling changes him into a subject, destined to be ambivalently active and passive. This essay speculates on that ontology in the context of the famous excuses' petition that intermixes the althusserian text, confronting the ontology with the question that the petition rouses about those the author names “heroes”.Keywords: Hero. Individual. Ontology. Subject.Une ontologie négative de l’individu chez AlthusserRésumé : Dans sa théorie de la idéologie en général, exposé dans Idéologie et Appareils Idéologiques d’État, Louis Althusser affirme que les sujets jamais sont constitutives, mais toujours-déjà constitués dans et par la idéologie, à partir de quelque chose qui les précède – les individus. Voici, sinon exposé, au moins suggéré, une ontologie du individu, quoique négative, en ce que l’individu qui devient sujet par les arts et artifices de la idéologie est une espèce de origine, source ou fondement qui jamais existe concrètement, avorté dans l’instant même de la interpellation idéologique qui fait de lui un sujet, destiné à vivre la ambiguïté d’être en même temps active et passive. Cet essay spécule sur cette ontologie dans le contexte de la célèbre demande de pardon qui s’entremêle dans le texte althusserian, en la confrontant avec la question que cette demande suscite sur ce que le texte appelle des «héros».Mots-clés: Héros. Individu. Ontologie. Sujet. 
Date
2017-11-10
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Identifier
oai:ojs.www.seer.ufu.br:article/30925
http://www.seer.ufu.br/index.php/EducacaoFilosofia/article/view/30925
Copyright/License
Direitos autorais 2017 Roberto Goto
Collections
Educação e Filosofia

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