Zoido, PabloChavis, Larry2019-09-252019-09-252011-04-0820040745322301http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/177652"Does corruption hit poor people harder than the middle class? Corruption hinders growth, yes, but through what channels? What policies work best in fighting corruption? Do organisational structures hamper women’s ability to fight corruption once they achieve significant power? Is corruption worse in eastern or western Russia? Which Colombian institutions are clean and which ones corrupt? Does public mistrust lead to more corruption, or is it the other way around? These are the kinds of questions social scientists are researching today. Questions about how to measure corruption or how to improve on current forms of measurement still linger, but the view that corruption cannot be measured, or that evidence is purely impressionistic or anecdotal, has been soundly defeated. A deeper understanding of how corruption works is allowing us to move from the broad questions to the specifics. Since 1995, when Transparency International (TI) first published its Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), empirical research on the effects of corruption has grown tremendously and ultimately matured. Few continue to argue that corruption might ‘grease the wheels of commerce’, as suggested by Samuel Huntington and others in the 1960s. The demand for data and analysis continues to grow and research is starting to have a direct impact on policy-making, as demonstrated by the inclusion of a corruption index in the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA), the most recent US aid-allocation initiative. The fight against corruption has barely started but we are beginning to see signs of progress – it is easier now to find success stories, or to come up with a set of policies that work and point to results (for an example, see Chapter 23 by Reinikka and Svensson, page 326). In sum, exciting new lines of research are adding to our knowledge about the causes and consequences of corruption. Many of these new lines of research are present in this year’s contributions to the Global Corruption Report. Below, we review these contributions, which can be divided into three groups: corruption indices, micro-level research and studies of poverty and corruption."(pg 277)Pages: 16engWith permission of the license/copyright holdercorruptionresearch ethicsPolitical ethicsEthics of political systemsEthics of lawRights based legal ethicsGovernance and ethicsBook chapter