蒋, 劲松2019-09-252019-09-252012-01-072006-10http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/182464从科学实践哲学的角度看，科学并非仅仅是人们用来改造自然的理论工具，它本身还 是一种对研究对象施加物质性影响的实践活动，所以科学即使在研究过程中也可能对研究对 象、环境、研究手段乃至研究者本身产生物质性的、现实的负面影响，也需要耗用巨大的社会 资源。科学负面效应不可能仅仅通过科学自身的发展来消除，它需要综合治理，需要利用伦 理、政治、经济、法律以及哲学、宗教等人类各种文化方式的协调统筹。 [From the point of view of philosophy of scientific practice, sciences are not only theoretic tools with which one can transform the nature , but also practices that bring physical effects on researched objects. So even scientific practices in researching can produce real physical negative effects on researched objects, environment, research instruments and even researchers themselves, and can also consume very much social resources. The negative effects of scientific practices cannot be erased only though development of science itself, rather require various human cultural kinds to balance. ]chiWith permission of the license/copyright holderscientismdouble edged swordnegative effects of scientific practicephilosophy of scientific practicetechnology ethicsEconomic ethicsMethods of ethicsTechnology ethicsBook chapter