Huda, Noor2019-09-252019-09-252016-06-192015-08http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/153927This paper describes the formation of political and social institutions of Muslims since the earliest until 19th Century. The analysis begins with the early formation of the Islamic kingdom in Indonesia-Malay Archipelago such as Malaka and Aceh Sultanate, Demak in Java, Gowa-Tallo in South Sulawesi and Ternate. The author shows that the establishment of several Islamic states in Indonesia-Malay Archipelago is one of the strong evidence of the influence of Islam. Moreover, Islam as external factors has succeeded in uniting ethnic groups made up of hundreds of tribes in these islands. Although Islam has not created a political unity, Islam has provided the continuity of the basics for the realization of cultural integration, at least since the 15th century. This paper also explores the response of Islamic kingdoms against colonialism until the 19th century that gave influence in the forming of political and social institution in Indonesia.indWith permission of the license/copyright holderIndonesiaIslamSocial InstitutionsPolitical InstitutionsPolitical ethicsDevelopment ethicsReligious ethicsSpirituality and ethicsMethods of ethicsGeneral and historicalCommunity ethicsEthnicity and ethicsMinority ethicsJournal volume