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Photoneutron activation analysis and multivariate geostatistical approach to assess the spatial occurrence of trace heavy metals in Crisuri BasinThe Crisuri Basin, with its total length of 1093 km (among which 670 km in Romania), is subjected to an effective environmental monitoring system consisting of 18 water stations network. Their integrated information is used for the water assessment problem to understand the biogeochemical processes leading to significant pollution levels in some running water sectors. The goal of this research is to predict the most important factors causing the change of the geochemical measured parameters of some components of the Crisuri water resources. In the present paper, we developed a multivariate statistical model to estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of heavy metals in the field and to identify the contamination sources of Basin River waters. Two methods were deployed as an overall approach to fulfill the proposed objectives, namely the photoneutron activation analysis followed by high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry and the multivariate statistical analysis. The elements analyzed by different analytical techniques and introduced in databases were As, Cd, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Hg, Na, Ni, Pb, Zn, N-NH4, N-NO2, N-NO3, P-PO4, fixed residues, S-SO4, Cl, phenols and, additional oil compounds. By combining the spatially distributed geochemical data on trace heavy metals with the spatially distributed geophysical data, we obtained the most significant fingerprint factors and their associated uncertainty information concerning the water quality.
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Statistical analysis in time and frequency domain of the last decades Earth dataThis paper analyses data available from the last fifty years, with regard to Earth and it has the purpose to analyze them from both perspectives: the time domain analysis and spectral-domain analysis. Following this analysis, one can conclude about the correlations within the analyzed data or about forecasted future evolution and necessary measures to be taken in order to reduce the dangers.
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Theoretical analysis of R22 substitution with R417 on board of fishing vessels - thermodynamic, environmental and Islamic aspectsR22 is a refrigerant that has dominated marine refrigeration onboard fishing vessels till 1 January 2015. Because in its composition exist ozone-depleting chlorine atoms, this refrigerant needs acceptable substitution solutions, to achieve the ozone protection desiderate. For R22 was not found a unique replacement solution. This paper investigates the opportunity to substitute R22 with the refrigerant R 417A, due to its very close thermodynamic properties to R22 and, moreover to its friendly behavior to the ozone layer. Seafood consumption is permitted for Muslims, fishing activity being important for these communities. Fishing depends on vapor compression refrigeration technology, equipment known to be an important energy consumer. In this paper, it is shown that environmental preservation is important in the refrigeration industry and in Islam, as well. The theoretical analysis developed in this paper focuses on the seawater cooling system onboard fishing vessels while catching in tropical waters. The investigation has energetic, environmental, and Islamic components. The comparison between the plant working with R22 and with R417A reveals that the ecologic refrigerant represents a wise solution for retrofitting existing plants.
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Determination of essential elements and trace heavy metals in agricrops by photoneutron activation analysis and X-ray fluorescence methodsApplicative researches in the field of environmental protection like X-ray fluorescence analysis, neutron activation analysis, and other methods, present real increasing importance related to the climate changes that can be observed nowadays. Scientific methods will enter step by step in our life, first of all, due to the accelerated technological development and due to the objective motivations of environmental monitoring necessary to take correct measures for the preservation and protection of nature on the Earth. Determination of some inorganic components, mainly heavy metals, in agricultural crops, is frequently required in health-related environmental studies, due to the high toxicity of trace amounts of such elements for the human organism. The main sources of trace elements to agricrops are their growing media, as soil-water-air ecosystem from which those nutrients are taken up by the root to the foliage. The goal of the present research was to determine the extent to which industrial inorganic pollutants are transferred to the crops. It was achieved by using multielement techniques as photon neutron activation method and X-ray fluorescence methods and statistical modeling in order to determine levels, pathways, and fate of toxic and non-toxic bioactive elements in selected agricrops along with the root soil. Some of the experimental trace metal values exceeded the threshold established by Romanian and EU regulations to protect vegetation and explain the estimated significant crop losses. Multivariate modeling by factor analysis and neural network simulation of the elemental concentration data showed always the component loaded with specific elements coming from industrial emissions. These kinds of studies are very requested regarding the vegetable meant for the human diet.
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Governing dynamics in complex systems using big data informationThe paper is presenting different dynamics of an economic complex system, based on certain assumptions made within each of the presented models in the paper. The assumptions used are allowing estimating and forecasting the evolution of the respective complex economic system. This estimation can be made in the “classical” way, which is to say without the use of big data, in which case the results are more prone to errors, or with the use of the recordings of big data, which delivers a much more accurate estimation of the evolution within the complex systems. Throughout the paper the term “with sustainable growth” is used with the meaning of “ecological growth” and it refers to durable economic systems where the environmental issues are taken into consideration, whereas the term “without sustainable growth” or “conventional growth” refers to the economic systems where the environmental issues are not taken into account.