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集体行动、搭便车理论与形式社会学方法[Collective action,free-riding theory and the form of sociological method]

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Author(s)
赵, 鼎新
Keywords
集体行动 搭便车理论 形式方法 公共物品 博弈论
GE Subjects
Economic ethics

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/182544
Abstract
本文从奥尔森的搭便车理论出发,总结了形式模型在集体行动和社会运动研究中的发展及应用前景,并在此基础上提出如下观点:1. 经验事实与其他理论不能是形式模型的评判基础,同样,形式模型也不能用来解释或预测经验现象特别是复杂的经验现象;2. 评判一个形式模型的基础只能是模型的前提假设与逻辑结构,而一个形式模型重要与否,则在于该模型是否揭示了社会中普遍存在的问题,以及该模型的出发点和假设是否抓住了人类社会活动结构的关键性本质。奥尔森的搭便车理论之所以重要,是因为它抓住了人类活动的核心——对公共物品的普遍追求,以及决定这一追求成功与否的一个最为重要的变量——群体规模。成功的形式模型一般都是一些对于历史上长期流传下来的成语或民间智慧的数学或逻辑总结,而绝大多数已发表的形式模型因不得此要领而流于数学游戏。
Date
2006
Type
Article
Copyright/License
With permission of the license/copyright holder
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Chinese Ethics / 中文伦理

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